Quote two claims Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quote two claims - Essay Example Observably, it can be stated that having good sense is not important, but it is significant for people to use it in a good direction. It is quintessential that an individual should not presume his/her mind to be better than other individual in general. Besides, sharpness, clarity in thoughts and memory which is capacious is argued to be vital components within an individual to define the perfect mind. It is also crucial to select a path that enables an individual to develop imaginations and maxims, which ultimately leads an individual to foster method that facilitate him/her to acquire knowledge gradually (Thomas and Turner 32-44). Thomas and Turner’s notion, â€Å"clarity is the central virtue of classic prose† can also be supported, grounded on the fact that classic writer were engaged in presenting literary works that has already been perceived by them. Classic prose can be argued to be predominantly an efficient instrument, which neither invents nor misleads their view. Besides, classic prose evaded hesitations and uncertainties. Thus, it can be firmly justified that â€Å"clarity is the central virtue of classic prose† (Thomas and Turner

Aida Play Analysis Essay Example for Free

Aida Play Analysis Essay The musical Aida was written by Auguste Mariette based on Giuseppe Verdis Italian-language opera. 2nd Flight Productions using the stage at Chantilly High School performed the musical. The musical was based on the legend of Aida, the Nubian princess who was captured as a slave to Radames, the captain of Egypt. The performance is divided into two acts and it started with Radames fianci , Amneris, as a statue during the present times in a museum. The museum displayed a tomb with the carvings of a man and a woman buried together. Amneriss statue begins to sing and tells the tale behind the tomb. The set for the museum was sufficiently constructed for the story. The tomb was realistic and the background sets of Egyptian writing were appropriate to the feeling and style. However, at first it was difficult to grasp who Amneris was when she sang because she was position center right and maybe a little down right of the stage. There were no other props that clearly indicated that she was part of the museum and that she was a statue. There was a back narrow parallel platform that elevated her separate from the ground. The ensemble members were the museum tourists observing the artifacts. However they were on the ground level and there were no indications of them acknowledging her as a fellow artifact of the museum. Throughout the play, Aida is a strong character who deeply cares about her people. In the plot she hides her identity as the Nubian Princess to save her people. The actress did an amazing job portraying those characteristics. Her voice was powerful and so phenomenal that each song she sung moved me. Every emotion she evoked moved the audience through her acting and her singing. There was moment where the actress belted out a song that described the struggles of being a princess of Nubia. Her body language was like a building wearing away and her facial expressions revealed pain and sorrow. Another moment that was very effective was when she finally accepted her love for Radames. Her body language was playful, her voice was light and her facial expression was soft and more youthful. She was the best and most excellent actress in the play. The lighting had its good effects and bad effects. During serious moments, the lighting was used well and isolated the light towards the main characters. However, when the music became lively, the lighting was in all different colors, similar to a disco lighting, which I found unnecessary and sloppy for a historical musical. The costuming was decent as well but I expected more from a community theatre company. The costumes would be acceptable for a high school production but not a community one. The slave clothes were fine and tattered; however, the fabric was new and it appeared new from stage. Since the setting is in historical times, the fabric must invoke that. The costume for Aida throughout the play was in a shiny fabric that was glittery. This was an anachronism since the setting, again, is in historical times. The ensemble was probably the poorest aspect of the play. In every act they were in, they were never in synch with each other. No one seemed to listen or hear each other. The ensembles made careless mistakes with their hands fidgeting, their eyes not focused and the acting did not seem like acting. In acting, the actor must have a purpose or goal to evoke good acting; however the ensemble did not do that. They moved around with unmotivated movement. Their dance, however, was stronger than their acting. At times they were no in synch but they did decent on their dances. I wished that the ensemble danced with more diverse movements. The dances seemed a little parallel and conformed to the same movements at times. The ensemble men were Radames soldiers in the beginning and did a dance routine that had the characteristics of a march. The performance of the ensemble however, was poor. Their entire routine was not in synch and it was sloppy. In order to portray as soldiers, they should have had more cut and dry movements that were sharp and strict. However, they performed as if they were relaxed and bored. It was more of a casual walk than a march. Towards the end the soldiers did an impressive break dance when the song lifted from its austere melody, however I found it unnecessary. Overall the musical was satisfactory as a community musical. The background music was appropriate, the main actors were excellent in portraying their characters and the songs were sung on key. Although there were many errors in setting, and ensemble members, the director succeeded in telling and portraying the story of Aida in a reasonable fashion.

Euthanasia in the Netherlands Essay -- Euthanasia, Physician Assisted

As most countries abstain from the right to euthanasia, the Lower House of Parliament on November 28, 2000 passed a bill, legalizing euthanasia in the Netherlands. Will this law impact the beliefs and ideals of other countries and cause them to re-evaluate their medical procedures? In â€Å"Why Physicians? Reflections on the Netherlands’ New Euthanasia Law,† Jos V. M. Welie provides a descriptive overview of the history of the Dutch penal code on euthanasia in the Netherlands. In â€Å"Euthanizing Life,† John F. Kavanaugh discusses an anorexic patient who was illegally euthanized and presents Judge Miner’s offered opinion based on equal protection of the law. In â€Å"Why Physicians? Reflections on the Netherlands’ New Euthanasia Law,† Welie introduces the audience to the origin of the law and states his opposition to it. The next few paragraphs describe the history of article 40 of the Dutch penal code and how it excused physicians from euthanizing at a time when it was illegal. â€Å"Article 40 waives the liability to punishment for anyone who commits a crime while compelled to do so by force majeure, that is, by a psychological or moral force so strong that the perpetrator could not resist it† (Welie 42). Many doctors felt liable in not obeying the law, however, they felt morally wrong in prolonging a particular patients’ suffering. Physicians are faced with the dilemma of whether or not relieving a patient’s suffering is worth the risk of being prosecuted and losing their license to practice medicine. How would courts measure this so called â€Å"psychological or moral force† described in Article 40 of the Dutch penal code? Welie states that when confronted with prosecution, physicians would base their defense on â€Å"medical exception... ... resist medical treatment, which may result in death, but are unable to have a doctor do the unfortunate job for us. Welie’s article makes a great transition from describing the history of euthanasia to reflecting upon the present situation. He proposes many of his own thoughts to the issue and makes the reader question the differences in medical law between America and the Netherlands. Kavanaugh, in his article, tells a surprising story that keeps reader intrigued and follows it with an informative viewpoint from a judge. Overall, these articles do a plausible job on describing how euthanasia is practiced in another country.       Works Cited Welie, Jos V. M. â€Å"Why Physicians? Reflections on the Netherlands’ New Euthanasia Law.† The Hastings Center Report Jan/Feb 2002: 42-44 Kavanaugh, John F. â€Å"Euthanizing Life† America May 2001: 28

Communicative Games In Teaching Speaking Education Essay

English instruction has drawn much public attending as English has become one of the most effectual international linguistic communications. In such inclination of society for developing hearing and talking accomplishments instead than reading and composing accomplishments, surveies on how to better scholars ‘ speech production accomplishments have been carried out, but there are still many facets left undiscovered. In some non-English speech production states like Viet Nam, many high school pupils frequently find it hard to talk English and experience world-weary and nervous in talking lessons. The grounds are because they spend much clip on the topics that they will impact their consequences of university entryway test than the others, because English trials in high schools and in entryway tests are in composing and reading signifiers but non in talking signifier, and because the figure of periods of topics of natural scientific discipline is more than topics of societal scientific discipline or frailty versa. Therefore assorted methods have been used to accomplish the effectivity in learning English speech production, and one of them is utilizing communicative games. It is said that communicative games is one of the most effectual methods to better learning English speech production in high schools due to their positive effects. In add-on, the survey into using communicative games in learning English speech production in high schools is helpful to my procedure of learning pattern in high schools. For the above grounds, the research subject â€Å" Application of communicative games in learning speech production in English 10 † is hoped to lend to the effectivity in learning English speech production.2. Purposes and aimsThe survey is to show the effectivity in application of communicative games in learning speech production in English 10. The research has some undermentioned purposes: – To happen out jobs that pupils encounter in speech production categories. To analyze the effectivity of communicative games in speech production categories. To propose some pedagogical deductions to accomplish the effectivity in learning speech production.3. Scope of the surveyThe research is examined in 10th grade pupils of three categories at Quoc Hoc high school. For the clip bound and the length bound, the survey trades with four units which are unit 12, 13, 14 and 15 in English 10.4. Research inquiries– What are the troubles that pupils encounter in speech production categories? – How effectual are communicative games in speech production categories?5. Methods of the surveyThe survey is a qualitative and quantitative research. The collected informations by making a study on 10th grade pupils of three categories at Quoc Hoc high school will be quantitatively analyzed. A qualitative analysis on informations collected on pupils will be carried out to demo the effectivity of application of communicative games in learning English speech production.6. Design of the surveyThe thesis is organized into five chief parts as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction presents the grounds for taking the subject, the purposes and aims of the survey, the range of the survey and the organisation of the survey. Chapter 2: Literature Review and Theoretical Background includes two parts. The first portion reviews old related surveies. The 2nd 1 is to show an overview of English 10 text edition, state of affairs of learning and larning English speech production in high schools, scholars ‘ communicative competency, communicative activities and communicative games. Chapter 3: Methods and Procedures shows the research design and research methods, the description of the process of informations aggregation and information analysis, the description of participants and instruments in the research. Chapter 4: Findingss and Discussion is to show the findings of the probe and analysis and to discourse the consequences of the study. Chapter 5: Decision and Implications summarizes the survey, shows deductions and restrictions of the survey and suggests for farther research.Table OF CONTENTSChapter 1: Introduction1.1 Rationale 1.2 Purposes and Aims 1.3 Scope of the Study 1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Organization of the StudyChapter 2: Literature Review and Theoretical Background2.1 Previous research plants 2.2 Theoretical Background 2.2.1 Overview of English 10 Textbook 2.2.2 Communicative Language Teaching 2.2.3 Communicative Competence 2.2.4 Communicative Activities 2.2.5 Communicative Games 2.2.5.1 Definition of Communicative Games 2.2.5.2 Functions of Communicative Games in Teaching EnglishChapter 3: Methods and Procedures3.1 Research Design and Methodology 3.. Study ProceduresChapter 4: Findingss and Discussion4.1 Troubles of Students in Speaking Classs 4.2 Effectiveness of Communicative Games in Speaking Classs 4.3 Discussion 4.4 DrumheadChapter 5: Decision and Deductions5.1 Decision 5.2 Deductions 5.2.1 Design Principles of Communicative Games 5.2.2 Principles of Application of Communicative Games in Teaching Talking 5.2.3 Some Suggested Communicative Games in Teaching Talking 5.2.3.1 Some Communicative Games for Unit 12 5.2.3.2 Some Communicative Games for Unit 13 5.2.3.3 Some Communicative Games for Unit 14 5.2.3.4 Some Communicative Games for Unit 15 5.3 Restriction 5.4 Suggestions for Further ResearchEXPECTED OUTCOMESThe consequences of this survey are expected as follows: First, games are activities that make people experience relaxed and aroused and utilizing communicative games in learning English speech production draws attending of non lone instructors but besides scholars. Second, instructors can cognize more about the effectivity of communicative games in learning speech production, and cognize how to take or plan communicative games suited for scholars and learning points. Third, learning English speech production is more exciting and effectual because communicative games motivate scholars and assist them comprehend learning points in a natural manner.Plan OF THE PROJECTOccupation Detailss of occupation Time 1 Choosing a subject and planing the program of the undertaking – Determination job countries that require probe – Choosing a suited subject – Consulting relevant surveies and paperss – Planing the program of the undertaking By 24th December 2 Roll uping informations and analysing the information – Design questionnaires – Making study on 10th grade pupils by utilizing questionnaires – Analyzing the information By the terminal of February 3 Writing the thesis – Writing the first bill of exchange – Completing the thesis and composing the concluding bill of exchange By the terminal of March i? ¶ I thirstily underscore my committedness to carry throughing this research paper as scheduled under the direction of my supervisor. i? ¶ The first bill of exchange needs more work ; nevertheless, I agree to assist the pupil on status that the pupil can transport out the undertakings as planned.SUPERVISOR STUDENTVo Tha »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ Thanh Dia »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡p Nguya »Ã¢â‚¬ ¦n Thia »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡n Ma »?

English In The Indian Subcontinent

English in the Indian Subcontinent Just as in the Caribbean, the English Language arrived in South Asia as a result of colonisation. Unlike its history in the Caribbean, however, English has always co-existed in the Indian subcontinent alongside thousands of local languages. So for most of the population, it has only ever been a second language. The origins of English in India The British first arrived in India in the early 1600s and soon established trading posts in a number of cities under the control of The East India Company.By 1765 the Company’s influence had grown to such an extent that the British were effectively controlling most parts of the country. This date is often taken as the start of what is referred to as The Raj — a period of British rule in India that lasted until Independence in 1947. Initially English was only taught to the local population through the work of Christian missionaries — there were no official attempts to force the language on t he masses.But by the 1700s, English had firmly established itself as the language of administration and many educated Indians were demanding instruction in English as a means of social advancement. By 1857 universities had opened in Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. English was increasingly accepted as the language of government, of the social elite, and of the national press. After Independence After Independence, India became a nation state, and it was intended that English would gradually be phased out as the language of administration.But there was no simple solution as to which language should replace it. At first Hindi, the most widely spoken language, seemed the obvious choice, but following violent protests in 1963 in the state of Tamil Nadu against the imposition of Hindi as a national language, opinion has remained divided. In a country with over 900 million people and more than a thousand languages, it is difficult to choose a single national language, as mother tongue speaker s of that language would automatically enjoy greater social status and have easier access to positions of power and influence.Even Ghandi, a proponent of a native variety as a national language, accepted that his message was most widely understood if expressed in English. So, although English is not an indigenous language, it remains as an ‘Associate Language’ in India, alongside Hindi, the ‘Official Language of the Union of India’ and eighteen ‘National Languages', such as Bengali, Gujurati and Urdu, that have a special status in certain individual states. English in India today Despite continued pressure from nationalists, English remains at the heart of Indian society.It is widely used in the media, in Higher Education and government and therefore remains a common means of communication, both among the ruling classes, and between speakers of mutually unintelligible languages. According to recent surveys, approximately 4% of the Indian population us e English. That figure might seem insignificant, but out of the total population this represents 35 million speakers — the largest English-speaking community outside the USA and the UK. In addition there are speakers of English in other parts of South Asia, such as Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, where English plays a similar role.English is virtually a mother tongue for many educated South Asians, but for the vast majority it remains a second language. This means there are speakers whose spoken English is heavily influenced by speech patterns of their ethnic language, alongside those whose speech reveals nothing of their racial background and some who are ranged somewhere in between. Asian influence There are a number of elements that characterise the more ‘extreme’ forms of South Asian English. In terms of pronunciation, many speakers do not differentiate between the sounds and .They might also replace in words like think and this with a and sound, as no In dian languages contain these consonants. Under the influence of traditional Hindi grammar, speakers often use progressive tenses in statements, such as I am believing you or she is liking music. Anyone who has experience of speech in the UK's Asian communities will also have encountered the phenomenon of code-switching — mixing words, phrases or even whole sentences from two different languages within the same conversation.The occasional or even frequent use of a Hindi (or Urdu, Punjabi, Gujurati etc.) word or expression within an English sentence can communicate a great sense of shared identity or solidarity with other speakers. This characteristic feature of Asian speech has led commentators to coin popular terms, such as Hinglish (i. e. Hindi English) or Pinglish (i. e. Pakistani English). The table below gives several examples of speakers using a number of pronunciations and grammatical constructions that are typical of speech on the Indian subcontinent. All the audio cli ps are taken from recent BBC interviews and come from spontaneous conversation and therefore reflect the natural reflexes of South Asian English.The left hand column lists each feature, while the second column gives an explanation. The list is by no means comprehensive, but by clicking on the sound file you can hear an extract from a recording of a speaker using the target feature. English in India Officially English has a status of assistant language, but in fact it is the most important language of India. After Hindi it is the most commonly spoken language in India and probably the most read and written language in India. Indians who know English will always try to show that they know English.English symbolizes in Indians minds, better education, better culture and higher intellect. Indians who know English often mingle it with Indian languages in their conversations. It is also usual among Indians to abruptly move to speak fluent English in the middle of their conversations. Engl ish also serves as the communicator among Indians who speak different language. English is very important in some systems – legal, financial, educational, business – in India. Until the beginning of 1990s, foreign movies in India weren’t translated or dubbed in Indian languages, but were broadcast in English and were meant for English speakers only.The reason Indians give such importance to English is related to the fact that India was a British colony (see Europeans in India). When the British started ruling India, they searched for Indian mediators who could help them to administer India. The British turned to high caste Indians to work for them. Many high caste Indians, especially the Brahmans worked for them. The British policy was to create an Indian class who should think like the British, or as it was said then in Britain â€Å"Indians in blood and color but English in taste, in opinions and morals and intellect†.The British also established in Ind ia universities based on British models with emphasis on English. These Indians also got their education in British universities. The English Christian missionaries came to India from 1813 and they also built schools at primary level for Indians in which the language of instruction was local language. Later on the missionaries built high schools with English as the language of instruction which obliged the Indians who wanted to study to have a good knowledge of English.The British rulers began building their universities in India from 1857. English became the first language in Indian education. The ‘modern’ leaders of that era in India also supported English language and claimed it to be the main key towards success. Indians who knew good English were seen as the new elite of India. Many new schools were established in which the language of instruction was English. According to the British laws the language of instruction at university level was English and therefore sc hools that emphasized English were preferred by ambitious Indians.Even after India’s independence, English remained the main language of India. Officially it was given a status of an assistant language and was supposed to terminate officially after 15 years of India’s independence, but it still remains the important language of India. Even today schools in India that emphasis English are considered better schools and the same is the case at university levels, even though there is a trend towards Indianization. In the 1970s and 1980s about one third of the Indian schools had English as their first language.For most of these students, English is their first language and it is easier for them to communicate, read and write in English than in Indian languages, including their mother tongues. Just like the Americans, Australians or even the British who have their unique English words and phrases, the Indians also have their own unique English. The Indians and the Indian Eng lish language press uses many words derived from Indian languages, especially from Hindi. Other than that, the Indian accent is sometimes difficult for non-Indians to understand. There are some Indian pronunciations that don’t exist in non Indian languages.The British also had problems with that and they caused some changes in Indian words so that they could pronounce them. Even the Indians started using these changed words and made them part of their English. Two examples of such changed words are currey and sari. your score. English as a National Foreign Language India has two national languages for central administrative purposes: Hindi and English. Hindi is the national, official, and main link language of India. English is an associate official language. The Indian Constitution also officially approves twenty-two regional languages for official purposes.Dozens of distinctly different regional languages are spoken in India, which share many characteristics such as grammat ical structure and vocabulary. Apart from these languages, Hindi is used for communication in India. The homeland of Hindi is mainly in the north of India, but it is spoken and widely understood in all urban centers of India. In the southern states of India, where people speak many different languages that are not much related to Hindi, there is more resistance to Hindi, which has allowed English to remain a lingua franca to a greater degree.Since the early 1600s, the English language has had a toehold on the Indian subcontinent, when the East India Company established settlements in Chennai, Kolkata, and Mumbai, formerly Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay respectively. The historical background of India is never far away from everyday usage of English. India has had a longer exposure to English than any other country which uses it as a second language, its distinctive words, idioms, grammar and rhetoric spreading gradually to affect all places, habits and culture. In India, English serve s two purposes.First, it provides a linguistic tool for the administrative cohesiveness of the country, causing people who speak different languages to become united. Secondly, it serves as a language of wider communication, including a large variety of different people covering a vast area. It overlaps with local languages in certain spheres of influence and in public domains. Generally, English is used among Indians as a ‘link’ language and it is the first language for many well-educated Indians. It is also the second language for many who speak more than one language in India.The English language is a tie that helps bind the many segments of our society together. Also, it is a linguistic bridge between the major countries of the world and India. English has special national status in India. It has a special place in the parliament, judiciary, broadcasting, journalism, and in the education system. One can see a Hindi-speaking teacher giving their students instructions during an educational tour about where to meet and when their bus would leave, but all in English. It means that the language permeates daily life.It is unavoidable and is always expected, especially in the cities. The importance of the ability to speak or write English has recently increased significantly because English has become the de facto standard. Learning English language has become popular for business, commerce and cultural reasons and especially for internet communications throughout the world. English is a language that has become a standard not because it has been approved by any ‘standards’ organization but because it is widely used by many information and technology industries and recognized as being standard.The call centre phenomenon has stimulated a huge expansion of internet-related activity, establishing the future of India as a cyber-technological super-power. Modern communications, videos, journals and newspapers on the internet use English and h ave made ‘knowing English’ indispensable. The prevailing view seems to be that unless students learn English, they can only work in limited jobs. Those who do not have basic knowledge of English cannot obtain good quality jobs. They cannot communicate efficiently with others, and cannot have the benefit of India’s rich social and cultural life.Men and women who cannot comprehend and interpret instructions in English, even if educated, are unemployable. They cannot help with their children’s school homework everyday or decide their revenue options of the future. A positive attitude to English as a national language is essential to the integration of people into Indian society. There would appear to be virtually no disagreement in the community about the importance of English language skills. Using English you will become a citizen of the world almost naturally. English plays a dominant role in the media.It has been used as a medium for inter-state communica tion and broadcasting both before and since India’s independence. India is, without a doubt, committed to English as a national language. The impact of English is not only continuing but increasing. IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH IN INDIA In our country English is important for a number of reasons. India is a land of diversity. Different people speak different languages. A person of Tamil Nadu does not speak Hindi. So he can't understand Hindi of a person from North India. However he can understand in English.So English is alink language. Different people can communicate with one another with the help of English. Secondly,all advanced knowledge in science,technology and medicine is available in English. The results of the latest researches come to india through the medium of English. If we give up English,we will lag behind in the higher fields of study. Today the world has become one family. It is all due to English. English is an international language. English is the language of th e Constitution,the Supreme Court,the High Courts and official departments.English is now firmly rooted in the soil of India. It has become a part of Indian life. Thus English has great importance for the integrity of India. It has to be second language in our contry for the better development of the country. Summary: A look at the importance of English in India and the world. Read more at http://www. usingenglish. com/articles/importance-english-language. html#tv8TJv6iPHuq8AYh. 99 A language is a systematic means of communication by the use of sounds or conventional symbols. It is the code we all use to express ourselves and communicate to others.It is a communication by word of mouth. It is the mental faculty or power of vocal communication. It is a system for communicating ideas and feelings using sounds, gestures, signs or marks. Any means of communicating ideas, specifically, human speech, the expression of ideas by the voice and sounds articulated by the organs of the throat an d mouth is a language. This is a system for communication. A language is the written and spoken methods of combining words to create meaning used by a particular group of people.Language, so far as we know, is something specific to humans, that is to say it is the basic capacity that distinguishes humans from all other living beings. Language therefore remains potentially a communicative medium capable of expressing ideas and concepts as well as moods, feelings and attitudes. A set of linguists who based their assumptions of language on psychology made claims that language is nothing but ‘habit formation’. According to them, language is learnt through use, through practice. In their view, ‘the more one is exposed to the use of language, the better one learns’.Written languages use symbols (characters) to build words. The entire set of words is the language’s vocabulary. The ways in which the words can be meaningfully combined is defined by the langua ge’s syntax and grammar. The actual meaning of words and combinations of words is defined by the language’s semantics. The latest and the most advanced discoveries and inventions in science and technology are being made in the universities located in the United States of America where English language is the means of scientific discourse.The historical circumstances of India (having been ruled by the British for over two centuries) have given the Indians an easy access to mastering English language, and innumerable opportunities for advancement in the field of science and technology. Many Indians have become so skilled in English language and have won many international awards for creative and comparative literatures during the last few years. Sometime ago, an Indian author, Arundhati Roy, won the prestigious booker prize for her book â€Å"The God of Small Things†.Her book sold lakhs of copies all over the globe. Over the years, English language has become one of our principal assets in getting a global leadership for books written by Indian authors and for films made by Indians in English language. A famous Indian movie maker Shekhar Kapoor’s film â€Å"Elizabeth† has got several nominations for Oscar Awards. It does not require any further argument to establish the advantage English language has brought to us at the international level. English language comes to our aid in our commercial transactions throughout the globe.English is the language of the latest business management in the world and Indian proficiency in English has brought laurels to many Indian business managers. English is a means not only for international commerce; it has become increasingly essential for inter-state commerce and communication. In India, people going from North to South for education or business mostly communicate in English, which has become a link language. Keeping this in mind, the Parliament has also recognized English as an official l anguage in addition to Hindi.All the facts of history and developments in present day India underline the continued importance of learning English in addition to vernaculars. Some of the states of India are witnessing popular increase in public demand for teaching of English language from the primary classes. Realizing the importance, recently, the Minister of Indian Railways, Laloo Prasad Yadav, demands teaching of English language in schools. The great demand for admission in English medium schools throughout the country is a testimony to the attraction of English to the people of India.Many of the leaders, who denounce English, send their own children to English medium schools. Many of the schools in the country have English as the sole or additional medium of instruction. A language attracts people because of the wealth of literature and knowledge enshrined in it. English poses no danger to Indian languages. The Indian languages are vibrant and are developing by the contribution s of great minds using them as their vehicle of expression. English is available to us as a historical heritage in addition to our own language.We must make the best use of English to develop ourselves culturally and materially so that we can compete with the best in the world of mind and matter. English language is our window to the world. English language is one tool to establish our viewpoint. We can learn from others experience. We can check the theories of foreigners against our experience. We can reject the untenable and accept the tenable. We can also propagate our theories among the international audience and readers.We can make use of English to promote our worldview and spiritual heritage throughout the globe. Swami Vivekananda established the greatness of Indian view of religion at the world conference of religions in Chicago in 1893. He addressed the gathering in impressive English. Many spiritual gurus have since converted thousands of English people to our spirituality by expressing their thought and ideas in masterful English. English has thus become an effective means of promoting Indian view of life, and strengthening our cultural identity in the world.When William Caxton set up his printing press in London (1477) the new hybrid language (vernacular English mixed with courtly French and scholarly Latin) became increasingly standardized, and by 1611, when the Authorized (King James) Version of the Bible was published, the educated English of London had become the core of what is now called Standard English. By the time of Johnson’s dictionary (1755) and the American Declaration of Independence (1776), English was international and recognizable as the language we use today.The Orthography of English was more or less established by 1650 and, in England in particular, a form of standard educated speech, known as Received Pronunciation (RP) spread from the major public schools in the 19th century. This accent was adopted in the early 20th ce ntury by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) for its announcers and readers, and is variously known as RP, BBC English, Oxford English, and the King’s or Queen’s English. Generally, Standard English today does not depend on accent but rather on shared educational experience, mainly of the printed language.Present-day English is an immensely varied language, having absorbed material from many other tongues. It is spoken by more than 300 million native speakers, and between 400 and 800 million foreign users. It is the official language of air transport and shipping; the leading language of science, technology, computers, and commerce; and a major medium of education, publishing, and international negotiation. For this reason, scholars frequently refer to its latest phase as World English. Read more at http://www. usingenglish. com/articles/importance-english-language. html#l0tZymxyFrQpCsKi. 99

catcher in the rye1 essays

catcher in the rye1 essays A classic theme in American literature is a youth's journey into adulthood. This journey is usually met with some adversity. Such is the case with J. D. Salinger's book The Catcher in the Rye. In this book the protagonist, Holden Claufield, is a nineteen year old expelled college student who is going through some tough times. Most of Holden's problems stem from his inability to disregard his childhood and proceed to maturity. Throughout the novel, Holden tries to hold onto the comfort of his childish ideals and ways of life, but society seems to demand that he grow up. Multiple times in the book, Holden ponders of ways to simply move away to another part of the country in order to escape the responsibilities of maturity. The first example of this is when Holden meets an old girlfriend of his, Sally Hayes. Once their conversation was on what he has been doing lately, he becomes enthralled in the idea of escaping with her to the countryside and living a simple life. Sally keeps reality in check by telling him that if he wants to have a real relationship, than he should finish college and get a real job. Then, she says, there will be "oodles of marvelous places to go to."(Salinger, 133). Holden replies, "No, there won't be. It'd be entirely different. We'd have to go downstairs in elevators with suitcases and stuff. We'd have to phone up everybody and tell 'em good-by and send 'em postcards from hotels and all. And I'd be working in some office, making lots of dough, and riding to work in cabs and Madison Avenue buses, and reading newsp apers, and playing bridge all the time."(Salinger, 133). In this example it is clear that Holden is protesting the kinds of things that are associated with the boring side of a responsible adult life. Society is represented by Sally, who says that he is crazy for thinking of actually doing things like breaking off all contacts and living a secluded life off ...

Writer Choice M Example

Writer Choice M Example Writer Choice M – Assignment Example Humanitarian Crisis Grows as Iraqis Flee ISIS Threat Summary: The war between Islamic militants and pro-government forces around the provincial capital has caused a humanitarian crisis in Iraq as 4,250 families run away from the region. Development: Thousands of people are running away from Iraq’s Anbar Province, which is under attack, towards Baghdad for protection. Bodies litter the streets, and some are still in burnt cars. There is a traffic pile up at the checkpoint, as Iraqi authorities demand a confirmation of residence for the escapees before allowing them entry. Most people have been travelling for days just to reach the border. It seems the battle will go on for months after the government assured its residents of a new military operation to bring back the province from the Islamic State. The Islamic State is to blame for several attacks and suicide bombings. Anbar’s governor believes that Shiite religious authorities can save the situation. Analysis: The situ ation in Iraq is serious. The attacks and suicide bombings on the American embassy increase tensions in Iraq. The lack of coordination between American officials and militias, because of suspicions, means that the war will go on for a long period. The humanitarian crisis is bound to intensify as innocent civilians seek place of safety. Clearly, Shiite militias are necessary in the war to assist the American military, just as they did with the Hussein case. In addition, the authority’s reluctance to allow families to Baghdad makes the situation worse because families continue to pile up at the border and the humanitarian situation becomes worse. The situation is just more than a religious case because officers and authorities look at it from a criminal point of view. Work CitedArango, Tim. Humanitarian Crisis Grows as Iraqis Flee ISIS Threat. The New York Times, APRIL 17, 2015. Available at nytimes.com/2015/04/18/world/middleeast/as-iraqis-flee-anbar-province-and-isis-question s-persist-on-role-of-shiite-militias.html?ref=topics&_r=0

Facing failure how to overcome and find success again

Facing failure how to overcome and find success again Failing at something triggers a ton of different emotions: the shame spiral, mountains of self-doubt, and fear-induced projections far into the future. The nagging perfectionist within can often take a small failure and blow it up exponentially. But while most of these perceptions are exaggerated in the moment, a setback can, in fact, have lasting effects on your future behavior. Whether these effects are positive or negative is up to you. Yes, the fear of failure can hold you back from future endeavors, like making a career move or taking risks in your job. But most successful people can take failure and turn it into opportunity. Mistakes are one of the primary ways that people learn. Dare I say, mistakes are good- and failure can be a powerful motivator that spurs on future success and keeps you moving forward, rather than holding you back.Dissecting failureYou don’t want to internalize failure, let it define you, or wallow in any single setback too long. Still, oftentimes w hen you face failure you have to be able to take a step back and really dissect the factors that contributed to the event. We tend to assign fault to ourselves pretty easily, but this is really a time where you want to let logic take over.Make a list of what factors were beyond your control. At work, there can be industry factors that lead to a bad string of luck, new competition, or a market downturn. But if a setback resulted from things that were in your control, what would you do differently?Once you assess the factors that led to the failure, you’re ready to make a plan for next time. How can you better anticipate factors outside your control? (Sometimes you can’t.) What new approach would you take if you could redo everything? By planning to take practical measures over an extended period of time, you can set yourself up for future success in similar situations.Defining failureSometimes, especially when factors are out of your control, you can’t prepare fo r a similar situation in the future. The only way to make it better is to build your resilience in overcoming a setback. How you respond to it and define it are equally important. A â€Å"failure† is often felt differently depending on your perspective. Walk through how you might perceive what happened if you heard the story from a friend or colleague. How would you reassure someone else that this setback wasn’t the end of the world?Another way to approach the problem is to alter your perception of your mistakes. Were you expecting too much of yourself? Let’s say, for example, the setback was not landing a new job that you really wanted. Because there are many factors that lead to a hiring manager choosing Candidate X over Candidate Y, your success or failure in landing a job may not be determined by any of your actions. You should redefine this situation in a positive light. If you made it to the interview stage of the process, you were a strong candidate. That should count as a success. The ability to redefine the situation is an integral part of the process of building your resilience.Defining goalsAnother important response to any setback is to look to the future. If you’re not where you want to be right now, picture your dream job or what success looks like in your current job. Then, consider one small practical goal that can get you moving in that direction. The setback can be motivation to set your sights on your next goal- and your next goal should not be, â€Å"I want to avoid x.† You want to take a positive track and work toward something (rather than running away from something). This is an important distinction, as the goal you have in mind should not be defined by past failures (or a continual reminder thereof).Defining fearsLastly, the main thing to avoid after facing failure is to let the fear of future failure govern your behavior. Make a list of your fears. Sometimes fears can also be closely aligned with you r goals. Sometimes, overcoming fear and running towards what scares you most can actually be your next goal, and can help you get on a path toward success.The point of failure and the fear that surrounds it is actually to fuel the fire that moves you forward. Allow failure to motivate you to take actions that will ensure your future success.

Assignment #2 & Discussions 1&2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assignment #2 & Discussions 1 - Essay Example is important to note that while actions taken by an early childhood educator can lead to positive outcomes for families and their children, they can also harm them. The action I would take in this situation is to provide the developmentally appropriate hands-on activities as I have been trained. This is because this ethical dilemma involves ethical responsibility. Feeney & Freeman (2012) defines ethical responsibility as the duty to follow a morally correct path. In this case scenario, I feel the highest sense of ethical responsibility to the young children I teach and their families. It is important to note that childhood is vital, valuable and unique stage in the cycle of human life. My paramount ethical responsibility in this dilemma is to provide care and education in an environment and settings that are nurturing, safe, responsive and healthy for each and every child. I have a responsibility to support the development of a child and learning while respecting their individual differences. I have a responsibility to assist children to learn, play, and socialize cooperatively. I also have a responsibility to promote children’s self-awareness, resiliency, competence, physical well-being and self worth. I cannot achieve this by teaching academic skills to 4-year olds using large groups, primarily lecture and drill methods. Families play a vital and primary importance role in the development of a child. According to Feeney & Freeman (2012), the families and childhood educators have common interests in promoting the wellbeing of a child. Code of ethical conduct requires early childhood to exercise they primary responsibility to bring about communication, collaboration and cooperation between early childhood programs and home so as to enhance the child’s development. In this respect, after making the decision I made based on the ethical responsibility I have for children I teach, I will inform their families why it is important to do so. Sharing of

Outdoor Management Development Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Outdoor Management Development - Coursework Example Thus, popular models and groundbreaking definitions will be employed to present the pointers that relate to leadership and change management in the context of group and teamwork interactions. Outdoor management development is meant to provide experiential learning through outdoor activities that facilitate behavior change and promote leadership competencies (McEvoy & Buller, 1997). Therefore leadership and change management were the fundamental ends I sought to achieve through the whole project. According to Armstrong, leadership involves â€Å"providing direction, facilitating change and achieving results through the efficient, creative and responsible use of resources† (Armstrong, 2014, p. 4). Therefore, I viewed the project as a way I could gain important leadership qualities and develop it further by observing how teams and groups are formed and utilized for the attainment of the best results. One central theme of this entire study was to examine how leadership and personality change could occur and be managed in the group dynamics. This is encapsulated in Tuckman’s views of the stages of team development which include forming, storming, norming, performing and doing (Blanchard & Parisi-Carew, 2009). This project was, therefore, an opportunity to consciously view how it occurs and how it affects the working cycle and integrate it into my learning competency. Learning and making changes as a result of some situation or circumstance is quite difficult. Learning goes through various phases and this includes challenging an individual’s original views and understanding of a given situation or phenomenon (MacKeracher, 2013). Therefore, a leader will have to unfreeze and refreeze ideas and concepts that exist in the minds and thoughts of his followers (Murray, et al., 2013).  

Breast feeding is better than the bottle Research Paper

Breast feeding is better than the bottle - Research Paper Example According to Sears (2003), breast-feed can be said to be better than bottle feed. Sudden infant death syndrome is a disease that is more preventable if the baby is given a proper breast feeding because of the proper proportions of nutrients in the milk of the mother (Small, 2004). Some of the babies who are given bottle feeding at an early age in their childhood are prone to diseases. Their mind may lack proper iron that comes from breast milk. More broadly, breast milk contains chemicals that fight infections and gives the child a strong immune system. Some parents are advised to give breast feeding as it is a better way of ensuring you lose body weight (Rathus, 2013). Therefore, breast-feeding has been recommended as it is the source giving a child body prevention against diseases, infections and diseases that make attack the baby at old age. Most of the medical institutions do advice expectant to ensure they exercise breastfeeding for their children. For the first few months after giving birth, they need to give breast feeding as it is very essential. According to Douglas (2006), the breast-feed milk contains all the necessary food for the baby. After like a year, then parents can give the child bottle feeding but is not as healthy as the breast milk. Therefore, it is clear that breast milk is the best feeding for a baby as it contains all the necessary nutrients, and it is not

Major Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12500 words - 1

Major Assignment - Research Paper Example In area, Chile is slightly bigger than Texas or France and it is 756,946 sq.km long and lies on the 380 latitude and its southernmost tip where Horn Island is situated where there is a cape which is lying on the 560. Hence, some part of the Chile lies inside the tropics and this region is the nearest continental land on the planet to the snowy expanse of Antarctica. Chile claims the ownership for these region. Hence, there is a large variation in latitude from north to south, there has been great dissimilarities in climate. Valley, oasis, arid deserts, rain-forests, tranquil green pastures, icy glaciers, mountain-framed lakes and rocky archipelagos are natural beauties that adorn Chile. Along the lines of latitude, Chile’s geographical division can be identified as forest Chile, desert Chile and Mediterranean Chile (Collier & Sater 2004: xix). Chile lies on the south-west of Pacific coast of South America. The whole nation is comprised of a thin strip of land protruding North-South. It has a maximum breadth of 420 kms which has around 2,006,096 sq.km of which only 756,626 sq.km are considered to be continental whereas the balance area is comprised of the Chilean Antarctic. Chile is a small nation situated in the Southern South America bordered by the South Pacific Ocean lying between Bolivia, Peru and Argentina. Its geographic coordinates are 710 W & 300 W. Chile has a total continental area of 756,626 sq.km out of which about 12,290 sq. km is occupied by the water and 743,812 sq.km is filled by the terrestrial. Chile owns two islands namely Isla Salary Gomez and Easter Island. It shares largest land boundary of 6339 kms with Argentina (5308 km) and Bolivia (860) and smaller portion with Peru (171 km). It shares a long coastal line of 6345 km. As per 2011 statistics, Chile has an arable land of 1.74%, it is developing permanent crops just only in 0.06% and other

Annotated bibliograpghy Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bibliograpghy - Annotated Bibliography Example 1996) highlights the communication system used in China. This article speaks of a market survey that was conducted by Lingdian Research, Beijing in Aug. 1996 that found that about 4% of China’s high income group to have become avid email users. The survey also found that about 80% of Chinese people make use of the internet for only email. This has resulted in a drop of using the World Wide Web in China. Sendall, D.M. (1997). â€Å"The future of the World Wide Web and its impact on our institutions†. Portland Press Ltd. Retrieved on March 11, 2009 from www.portlandpress.com/pp/books/online/tiepac/session1/ch6.htm This article speaks of the advancement in technology in relation to the World Wide Web and the impact it has on the various institutions especially in the case of publishing and the rest of the academic community. Sendall, D.M (1997) is of the opinion, that the Web could have a very profound effect on traditional

Major Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12500 words - 1

Major Assignment - Research Paper Example In area, Chile is slightly bigger than Texas or France and it is 756,946 sq.km long and lies on the 380 latitude and its southernmost tip where Horn Island is situated where there is a cape which is lying on the 560. Hence, some part of the Chile lies inside the tropics and this region is the nearest continental land on the planet to the snowy expanse of Antarctica. Chile claims the ownership for these region. Hence, there is a large variation in latitude from north to south, there has been great dissimilarities in climate. Valley, oasis, arid deserts, rain-forests, tranquil green pastures, icy glaciers, mountain-framed lakes and rocky archipelagos are natural beauties that adorn Chile. Along the lines of latitude, Chile’s geographical division can be identified as forest Chile, desert Chile and Mediterranean Chile (Collier & Sater 2004: xix). Chile lies on the south-west of Pacific coast of South America. The whole nation is comprised of a thin strip of land protruding North-South. It has a maximum breadth of 420 kms which has around 2,006,096 sq.km of which only 756,626 sq.km are considered to be continental whereas the balance area is comprised of the Chilean Antarctic. Chile is a small nation situated in the Southern South America bordered by the South Pacific Ocean lying between Bolivia, Peru and Argentina. Its geographic coordinates are 710 W & 300 W. Chile has a total continental area of 756,626 sq.km out of which about 12,290 sq. km is occupied by the water and 743,812 sq.km is filled by the terrestrial. Chile owns two islands namely Isla Salary Gomez and Easter Island. It shares largest land boundary of 6339 kms with Argentina (5308 km) and Bolivia (860) and smaller portion with Peru (171 km). It shares a long coastal line of 6345 km. As per 2011 statistics, Chile has an arable land of 1.74%, it is developing permanent crops just only in 0.06% and other

Problem of Induction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Problem of Induction - Essay Example Human beings may however think of this, as having been caused by previous deeds and in most cases, man cannot overpower the situation. In accepting the happenings around us, it reduces the cost of imagination. Hume describes that when a body is restricted to one planet only having troubles and difficulties, the mind usually links these troubles to other planets that may not even be in existence (Hume 14). I agree because the past events do not affect the future of an individual who has an open mind set to rise above and beyond his or her limitations by learning from the past mistakes to avoid the same mistakes or to improve his or her quality of life. Ideas and thoughts will always depend on the previous attitude and feeling. There are those ideas, which can prove to be stand alone, but in the real sense closely evaluated will indicate that they too are born from the feelings before conception. However similar it may be for sounds entering the ear and colors seen by the eye are norma lly different in comparison. Considering this, the ideas arising from different shades are expected also to be different in nature (Hume 16). Impressions do not always give rise to ideas, however simple they may prove to be. The nature and reality of ideas has contradictions behind it. Bringing these ideas into clear vision and shading some light on them, however, can do away with this. Hume states that in the imagination of man, there is nothing that is freer. It however has power, which is unlimited to separating, mixing, dividing and compounding ideas, though it cannot go beyond the external and internal senses equipping the original ideas, and this implies to all the existing diversities of vision and fiction (Hume 34). In the world, there is nothing considered as chance. Opinion, belief and understanding are much influenced by our ignorance. Hume also states that â€Å"there is certainly a probability, that emanate as a result of superiority chances on any side; and accordingl y, as this superiority rises and surpassesing the opposite chances, the probability get the same increment, and begets still a higher degree or belief or assent to that side, in which we discover the superiority† (Hume 40). Disputes on philosophy are the main blame among the methods of reasoning, to make an effort of disapproving any hypothesis, to the hazardous effects of morality and religion by pretence (Hume 67). Usually opinions made are not false, but the same opinions implemented can lead to dangerous consequences. Though the consequences of action performed casually and ignorantly by men may be questionable, men are not blamed for actions of that nature. These actions however come to an end in them alone, because they are not momentary principled. On the other hand actions performed in a hasty nature may not meet the requirements and can be faulty; men are also not blamed for them. Character in this case is also affected by hasty temper (Hume 68). Liberty however, is i mportant to morality and no moral qualities are caused by liberty. Analogy forms the basis of all the reasoning concerned with matters of facts. This makes people believe that an event leading to some consequences will always be the reason for such consequences even in future. However, the analogy is perfect where the causes prove the same and the deduction made out of it can

Does the Cosby Show challenge conventional stereotypes Essay Example for Free

Does the Cosby Show challenge conventional stereotypes Essay From 1984 to 1992, The Cosby Show (starring comedian/actor/author Bill Cosby) aired on NBC television network. In the storyline , a black doctor and his family (his wife and five children) lived their everyday entertaining lives. Audiences worldwide watched daily to laugh and admire the African American family ; at the same time they began to ponder about the well-off family and what this said about the conventional black family to the world. Two models are most commonly usedâ€Å"the weak family model† and the â€Å"strong family model†, says Wynona Bryant -Williams Ph. D Director â€Å"with nothing in between. † However it was the weak family model that dominated the social sciences literature until the mid 1980s. (Williams) The Cosby’s set a high standard of the stability and lifestyle of the Black American family. A bold message to send, this also challenged the realism of American culture and how it depicted African Americans and their households. Small-time author Tiffany Frizzel had this to say: â€Å"To be perfectly honest, this show does not show typical life for the vast majority of this nations population. There are not many white children in this nation that have a doctor and a lawyer as parents so that criticism lacks substance and social research. Cosby always kept the show somewhat light-hearted and sometimes shied away from some key issues of the time period, but keep in mind that his name was on the program and everything was written as if the characters were sometimes walking on eggshells. † Apparently it was hard to accept that a black family did not have to struggle or stress. Why? Even though the family still had their household disputes and their lessons to learn , the idea that this particular family of color was doing so well was hard to take and swallow. For many observers, The Cosby Show was unique in other ways as well. For example, unlike many situation comedies, the program avoided one-liners, buffoonery and other standard tactics designed to win laughs. Instead, series writers remained true to Cosbys vision of finding humor in realistic family situations, in the minutiae of human behavior. Thus episodes generally shunned typical sitcom formulas by featuring, instead, a rather loose story structure and unpredictable pacing. Moreover, the soundtrack was sweetened with jazz, and the Huxtable home prominently featured contemporary African American art. Several observers described the result as classy. This project, of course, was not without its critics. Some observers described the show as a 1980s version of Father Knows Best, the Huxtables as a white family in blackface. The Huxtables affluence, they argued, worked to obscure persistent inequalities in Americaespecially those faced by blacks and other minority groupsand validate the myth of the American Dream. One audience study suggests that the show strikes a deal with white viewers, that it absolves them of responsibility for racial inequality in the United States in exchange for inviting the Huxtables into their living room. Meanwhile, the same study found that black viewers tend to embrace the show for its positive portrayals of blackness, but express misgivings about the Huxtables failure to regularly interact with less affluent blacks. For the black family sitting at home watching the show however; it was a revelation long anticipated. This motivated and challenged families to grow closer together. Single, married, and divorced individuals all could view their expectations for their family and their futures based on the uplifting obvious message being sent. For the African American culture , this was an epidemic that needed to expand in the mindsets of everyone else in the world. As far as â€Å"Black Americaâ€Å" was concerned; this was an illustrious thing. So what exactly is the difference between â€Å"Anticipated Black America† and â€Å"Conventional Black America†? E. Franklin Frazier’s â€Å"The Negro Family in the United† States supplied a model for the study of Blacks which emphasized family disorganization and dysfunction ,2 describing the black familys present condition of matriarchy, ineffective black males being marginal to the family, casual sex relations, and general dissolution of the black family to be caused by urbanization and the heritage of slavery. Fraziers work was used for the basis of Moynihans conclusions that identified Black matriarchal mothers as responsible for the breakdown and pathology of Black families (who, he claimed, were responsible for high rates of illegitimacy, delinquency, and unemployment)3. On national renown search engine â€Å"Yahoo. com†, when the words â€Å"negro† and â€Å"black† are entered into the search bar ; words such as unemployment, equality, broken homes, proportion, and black community are given as â€Å"helpful hints† to further specify your search criteria. This is not to say that yahoo alone is portraying this image. But it does conclude a point that this issue should very well be recognized. The mental attitude of the black family’s standards in present America are poor indeed when left up to some critics. Nonetheless, Black America is continuously upgrading and rebelling in all fields of education and occupation. Our greatest and highest recognized entertainers, scholars, preachers, political figures, and moguls are filled with African American people. Many inventions are in existence today because of African Americans. A Black figure is currently running for president of the country! The Cosby Show does not challenge Black America as much as it motivates and really disciplines the mentalities and ethics behind us. The show’s head writer ,John Marcus, had this to say regarding the co-writer and star of the show Bill Cosby: I think Bill knows that he has a power, and that he thinks of it very judiciously. He is conscientious and sensitive to the minds of people who watch the show. And he is very respectful of their intelligence, said Markus. He sees that a more powerful tool in education is to entertain and engage the audience in a delicate manner rather than to hammer home a message. We want to educate black America, but we never want to Sermonize. (1990) It was never the intention of the show nor the writers behind it to preach about high time living to the black families of America. Yet, it was extremely obvious that there was luxury behind the hard work, and it’d all came from the benefit of great education. In the series, Huxtable is a doctor married to an awfully attractive, independent minded, and intelligent woman who has become quite a successful and well established lawyer. His five children all attend school and his children eventually all attend college following after their parents, but with different career motives that they each discover throughout their development from children to young adults. The Cosby Show ’s family is fiction but based on a lifestyle that is meant to be lived and enjoyed by the Black families of America. With the right motivation and the desire to become educated and to fulfill their selves , anyone of any race could very well live a full life without much struggle. The Cosbys did not live without flaws and disappointments. But they dealt with it as a strong and confident family with the continuous support and love of each and every one of their family members. This is a message that needs to be spreaded more and more everyday. The Black family can better themselves if they can get together and make a change to better their mentalities and their environment as well. Following the Cosby’s example; the Black family can succeed. â€Å"If every parent in their community taught their children how to act and teach them the life lessons that they need to succeed. Wouldnt that as a whole help the black community, one family at a time? † This was the question asked in an online discussion about upraising of children in the black community. It begins at home. If we do not or refuse to maintain order at home, there will be none outside of our households. The Cosby Show displays for us that restrictions and rules set inside the house also better govern our black children as they are outside of the household or away from home. By laying down the law in the house, the children were not as in as much trouble as friends and classmates. This distinguished them from the other children in other families on the show as well. With rules came responsibility. According to Senior Magazine Online, as humans responsibility is given to us automatically â€Å"because we are a part of society. † It is also stated that â€Å" It is in this area that we seem to be losing our children. † The main focus within the Cosby family was, without any doubt, family. The family came first. Before work, before friends, and before the personal wants of any individual; the entire family came together and worked together to make their home the joyous place it was. It was stressed as an importance that everyone was responsible in remembering birthdays, talking to their parents about their issues, and continuously seeing that a personal (perhaps assigned) chore was completed everyday. In conclusion, the Cosby Show is due many thanks and many praises. It stands, even today, as a landmark of hope and inspiration for the Black family. Although there are many public voices that are motivating us to push forward and challenge ourselves to complete education and a fulfilling life; the Cosby Show had a powerful message that is not easily forgotten and forever appreciated. The family is the most important part of our foundation. When we look back at what helped us to grow, we should find our family. References 2008 Discussion on saving the Black Community. http://answers. yahoo. com/question/index? qid=20070209125845AAYhqrg. 4 May E. Franklin Frazier (American Sociologist). The Negro Family in the United States. 1939 Interview with Head-writer of The Cosby Show, John Marcus. http://www. medialit. org/reading_room/article344. html (1990) Jhally, Sut, and Justin Lewis. Enlightened Racism: The Cosby Show, Audiences, and the Myth of the American Dream. Boulder, Colorado: Westview, 1992. Senior Magazine Online. http://www. seniormag. com/caregiverresources/articles/caregiv Tiffany Frizzel quoted , The Internet Movie Database, http://us. imdb. com April Wynona Bryant- Williams Ph. D Director , ,http://www. blackperspective. com/pages/mag_articles/sum01_blackfamily. html erarticles/parenting/taking-reponsibility. htm

Successfully Trained Employees and their Importance

Successfully Trained Employees and their Importance Lindsay Bootz Starting a new job is often a new learning experience, but it can also be stressful and overwhelming. When employees walk into their new place of employment for the first time, their impressions on the company begin and for the next few weeks they will be training to be an integral part of their new organization. For an organization, training a new employee is a very important process for its success as sales associates are most often the part of staff involved face-to-face with the customers, the importance of their knowledge of the company or products they sell is very high. Great training leads to less expenses, less employee turnover, and better customer service. There are many financial factors to consider when training a new employee. Instruction materials, equipment, wages for both the employee and the trainer all have an impact on the organizations finances. Per Levy, it costs retailers more than $4,000 to replace a store employee (2012 p.440). More than one individual becomes part of the process, often the human resources operations manager, supervisor and/or other employees will be involved in the success of the new associate which will have its own financial setbacks. Going through training materials such as e-learning software, books, and equipment can also use up resources. Hiring skilled employees and retaining them if possible, and having consistent performance reviews to identify more training needs can ensure employee confidence and show them more likely to stay, is one way to keep costs low (Taylor, 2016, p. 3). Hiring a new employee with no experience will take a significant amount of time to properly train and will cost more m oney, on the other hand, hiring skilled workers will require only a short amount of training, typically a week, to help them acclimate to a new work environment thus costing less to train. For example, a company that specializes in lumber will most likely decide not to hire someone more familiar working in fast food if given a choice for the simple fact that it will take a significant amount of time and money to train them. The Model of Excellence was designed by author and trainer Nick Drake-Knight in an attempt to find a better way to train employees and help them retain the information given to them. After extensive research, he discovered that the best sales people all follow a common pattern, a patter which connects (2012, p. 8). The Model of Excellence includes three steps, level one: explicit standards, level two: consistency, and level three: sustainability. All three are meaningless unless used together. The first level, is an explicit set of standards that spell out exactly what is expected of the employees, such as: a daily maintenance list, personal presentation, upselling, and customer acknowledgement (Drake-Knight, 2012, p. 9).   Typically, companies will have a standard time frame for each associate as they go through their training. Training generally does not stick and has little impact after the training sessions are finished as most associates grow bored when subjected to e-learning or classroom type of training. On-job-training would be ideal but can be more difficult to train as situations arise. Since the common way of training employees does not seem to work, it is important to implement the explicit standards as a way for employees to know their job even after their training is complete. Consistency, level two of the model, is a major goal that managers will strive for. Consistency means everything will stay at the same high standards, all the time. The managers that are best at achieving as much consistency as possible are aligning it with level one of the model, and including themselves as part of the selling process. A bad example of consistency is allowing an employee to go through training and months down the road giving no feedback as to their performance and keeping them in the dark about new company procedures.   Training should be done every day along with practicing correct sales procedures; managers can make sure this gets done by recapping goals and quotas throughout the day, actively staying part of the team, and holding regular meetings to keep associates up to date on store news and training. Sales training is a waste of energy (and worst of all hope) unless it is made sustainable (Drake-Knight, 2012, p. 17).   Training is usually something that does not go far after the training events are finished. Much of the information tends to get lost and employees must ask questions later about a subject they should already be familiar with. Sustainability, level three of The Model of Excellence, says that training should be sustained long after training is finished (2012, p.18) Momentum Management is the key to sustainability, it is a way to keep training consistent and constant throughout the day. It is like on-the-job training, but comes when the time is necessary.   For instance, if a manager overhears an employee answering the phone with the incorrect script, they can correct the employee after they hang up and inform them of the correct thing to say. Practicing sustainable techniques are a sure way to be involved and ensure that employees are being trained corr ectly and handling their jobs well. The Model of Excellence shows that with these techniques, after training is complete, with all three levels being used to their full potential, it could be beneficial with making sure employees know their job well, and are continue to learn as they continue their careers. As employees are the face of the store, it will always be important that they are properly trained. Staying consistent and sustained will make sure of that. Another simple solution to be sure an employee is getting the proper training and knowledge they need to handle their new job is to have better structured orientation at the beginning of employment. In her book New Employee Orientation Training, Lawson begins to compare the typical orientation session to a more successful approach. Typical orientations at an organization are generally presenter centered and tend to be boring for the applicant. The employee does not have much room to participate aside from only listening. Bored employees do not tend to retain the needed information to perform their jobs well and thus feel incompetent on the job. This could be a culprit of why the turnover rate is so high. Four percent of employees leave their jobs after the first day, and within thirty days know if they feel welcome or unwelcome in the work place (Lawson, 2016 p.4). A solution to this type of orientation is to have a more interactive and hands-on environment for training. Socializing the new employee and helping them integrate into their new workplace from day one of training can help them increase engagement in the workplace, better job satisfaction, and of course better job performance. Socializing also gets them involved in the workplace before the training is complete, employees can interact with the new employee and begin to adapt to one another (Mujtaba, 2006 p.262). In other words, taking the time to properly train and teach new employees how to do their jobs is worth the investment as they would not quit as quickly causing need for hiring new employees. It could also be beneficial in the sense that the employer would not have to pay for any mistakes the employee could potentially make. Having improved training programs for employees are critical to the employees success and especially to the employers success in keeping the business running smoothly. Employees that are not trained properly can end up wasting not only their time but another employee or managers time when they do not understand how to solve a problem. Proper training will also provide better overall customer service and more customers returning. When a customer enters an establishment, they expect to get help when they need it and that the employee will be knowledgeable on the product they are interested in. As training is the employees first impression into a company, it is important to get it right. Although many finances are part of the training process, it is important to make sure the employee is knowledgeable in all areas of their job. For instance, executing The Model of Excellence is one way to ensure a constant training of employees which also keeps them motivated. When employees are motivated and sure of what their job consists of, it shows a lower turnover rate for employment which is great financially and from a customer service standpoint. Customers enjoy seeing the same people and getting great service in the process. A well equipped employee is one that will be able to give the best customer service. To sum it up, Training is a very important part of a companys process for hiring new employees. Some companies tend to have a higher turnover rate due to poor training and lack of knowledge about the organization or product they may be selling. It is worth spending more time and resources on one person, than to spend them all repeatedly on the same failing training program. Employees should be treated like assets to their organization and get the proper tools they need to learn their job efficiently.   Proper training results in less finances wasted, less employee turnover, and a more fulfilling customer base.   References: Drake-Knight, N. (2012). Training and coaching boost performance of sales staff at BQ. Human Resource Management International Digest, 20(1), 14-17. doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy2.apus.edu/10.1108/09670731211195918 Lawson, K. (2015;2016;). New employee orientation training (1st ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: Association for Talent Development. Levy, M. Weitz, B. (2012). Retailing management, 8th Ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Mujtaba, B. G., Sims, R. L. (2006). Socializing retail employees in ethical values: The effectiveness of the formal versus informal methods. Journal of Business and Psychology, 21(2), 261-272. doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy1.apus.edu/10.1007/s10869-006-9028-3 Taylor, T.C. (2016). The cost of training new employees, including hidden expenses. Retrieved from https://www.adp.com/thrive

Extermination Camps Essay -- essays research papers

Nazi Extermination Camps Anti-Semitism reached to extreme levels beginning in 1939, when Polish Jews were regularly rounded up and shot by members of the SS. Though some of these SS men saw the arbitrary killing of Jews as a sport, many had to be lubricated with large quantities of alcohol before committing these atrocious acts. Mental trauma was not uncommon amongst those men who were ordered to murder Jews. The establishment of extermination camps therefore became the â€Å"Final Solution† to the â€Å"Jewish Question†, as well as a way to alleviate the mental trauma that grappled the minds of Nazi soldiers. The following essay will examine various primary and secondary sources to better illuminate the creation, evolution, practices and perpetrators of the extermination camps wherein the horrors of the Holocaust were conducted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pridham Noakes maintains that the creation of extermination camps began for two important reasons, the first already being mentioned as a way of soothing the psychological stress imposed upon Nazi soldiers of the Einsatzgruppen ordered to kill Jews with firearms. Fischer discusses the mental consequences which overcame soldiers of the Einsatzgruppen as a result of these brutal murders: â€Å"The men†¦were physically and psychologically drained. Some sought refuge in alcohol, some became physically ill, a few committed suicide.† The second reason for the creation of the extermination camps was to better conceal â€Å"subhuman† extermination from public (and foreign) view while accelerating the process of mass genocide.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first extermination camp was located in Chelmno, Poland, where gas vans were used to kill the camps’ victims. Gas vans had been introduced in Poland in 1939, Noakes maintains, and had initially been used to murder Russian POWs. The gassing of Polish Jews began in 1941 after the Nazis had forcefully gathered the majority of them into ghettoes around Lodz and Warthegau. The process was of crude design: Jews (and other ‘subhuman’ subjects) were rounded up and told they were to be sent to a labor camp. Before this, however, they were to strip naked and bathe. After stripping, the victims were herded and locked into a gas van. The ‘driver’ started the engine, and the exhaust from the vehicle flooded into the van, killing the victims inside. According to Noakes, â€Å"a recent estima... ... personality structure. Eichmann, Himmler, Hess and Mengele were true believers with all the strength and intensity that accompanies the will to believe. A strong will to believe combined with a stubborn, inflexible personality type is then, according to Fischer what drove these men to commit the atrocities of the Holocaust. All these men needed was to be given something to believe strongly about, and Hitler gave it to them. I find this argument plausible, yet leaning toward generalization. Were the mentalities of Himmler and Eichmann that comparable? I think a far more detailed look at their personalities might prove otherwise. Nevertheless, both indeed carried out the orders of one of the most tyrannical governments to come to power during the 20th Century. An exact estimate of how many Jews were killed during the Holocaust has never been calculated, and figures range anywhere from four to seven million. Noakes asserts that the most reliable source comes from Eichmann himself, whose estimate was voiced through one of his subordinates (Wilhelm Hoettl of the RSHA) and calculated at roughly 6 million. Out of these 6 million, four milli on were killed in the extermination camps. Extermination Camps Essay -- essays research papers Nazi Extermination Camps Anti-Semitism reached to extreme levels beginning in 1939, when Polish Jews were regularly rounded up and shot by members of the SS. Though some of these SS men saw the arbitrary killing of Jews as a sport, many had to be lubricated with large quantities of alcohol before committing these atrocious acts. Mental trauma was not uncommon amongst those men who were ordered to murder Jews. The establishment of extermination camps therefore became the â€Å"Final Solution† to the â€Å"Jewish Question†, as well as a way to alleviate the mental trauma that grappled the minds of Nazi soldiers. The following essay will examine various primary and secondary sources to better illuminate the creation, evolution, practices and perpetrators of the extermination camps wherein the horrors of the Holocaust were conducted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pridham Noakes maintains that the creation of extermination camps began for two important reasons, the first already being mentioned as a way of soothing the psychological stress imposed upon Nazi soldiers of the Einsatzgruppen ordered to kill Jews with firearms. Fischer discusses the mental consequences which overcame soldiers of the Einsatzgruppen as a result of these brutal murders: â€Å"The men†¦were physically and psychologically drained. Some sought refuge in alcohol, some became physically ill, a few committed suicide.† The second reason for the creation of the extermination camps was to better conceal â€Å"subhuman† extermination from public (and foreign) view while accelerating the process of mass genocide.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first extermination camp was located in Chelmno, Poland, where gas vans were used to kill the camps’ victims. Gas vans had been introduced in Poland in 1939, Noakes maintains, and had initially been used to murder Russian POWs. The gassing of Polish Jews began in 1941 after the Nazis had forcefully gathered the majority of them into ghettoes around Lodz and Warthegau. The process was of crude design: Jews (and other ‘subhuman’ subjects) were rounded up and told they were to be sent to a labor camp. Before this, however, they were to strip naked and bathe. After stripping, the victims were herded and locked into a gas van. The ‘driver’ started the engine, and the exhaust from the vehicle flooded into the van, killing the victims inside. According to Noakes, â€Å"a recent estima... ... personality structure. Eichmann, Himmler, Hess and Mengele were true believers with all the strength and intensity that accompanies the will to believe. A strong will to believe combined with a stubborn, inflexible personality type is then, according to Fischer what drove these men to commit the atrocities of the Holocaust. All these men needed was to be given something to believe strongly about, and Hitler gave it to them. I find this argument plausible, yet leaning toward generalization. Were the mentalities of Himmler and Eichmann that comparable? I think a far more detailed look at their personalities might prove otherwise. Nevertheless, both indeed carried out the orders of one of the most tyrannical governments to come to power during the 20th Century. An exact estimate of how many Jews were killed during the Holocaust has never been calculated, and figures range anywhere from four to seven million. Noakes asserts that the most reliable source comes from Eichmann himself, whose estimate was voiced through one of his subordinates (Wilhelm Hoettl of the RSHA) and calculated at roughly 6 million. Out of these 6 million, four milli on were killed in the extermination camps.

W.E.B. Dubois And Booker T. Washington Fought Against Racism, Slavery, And Improvement Of African American Lives From Different Dimensions

Few today can imagine how human beings could be caught in their villages like fish and be sold like livestock to other human beings. Africans were being shipped to America, be sold as slave to work in their farms. They were condemned because of their skin color – race to slavery, where they were owned by the people who bought them- the American white farmers. Education was never guaranteed to them since they were someone’s property without no (sic) rights (as people in the ghetto say); what an extreme level of discrimination. How would you feel when subjected to such experience? Naturally no one can be pleased.Imagine these blacks were thinking beings with a mind, soul and body! The children of slaves still remained slaves. These were the things that inspired W. E. B Dubois, Booker T. Washington among the people who had an opportunity by the virtue of the influence after education to fight against racism, slavery trying to improve the lives of African Americans. Merriam -Webster’s dictionary defines racism as a prejudice based on the belief that the race is the main determinant of human traits and capacities and those racial differences produce inherent superiority of a particular racial group.Sociologists Noel Cazenave and Darlene Alvarez Maddem put racism as a highly organized system of race based group privilege that operates at a very high level of society and is held together by a subtle ideology of color/ race ‘supremacy’ (Cazenave and Maddem, 1999). In the book, ‘The Souls of Black Soul’ where (the Author -) W. E. B Dubois asserts ‘elevating the self was the key to better life as a black man’ in a debate in way in which a black American must act versus how he wants to act indicates how hard it was to be free even for those who had been freed from slavery.That racism was deep in the minds of the discriminated. W. E. B Dubois and Booker T. Washington lived at the height of racism and slavery in Ame rica. Both managed to get some good education which was a tool for combating the evil of the twentieth century racism. Washington was a credible proponent of educational improvement for the freed men who remained after reconstruction. At that time Booker T. Washington was the most influential leader in America. The two engaged on an intense dialogue about segregation and political disfranchisement Washington had taken a conciliatory direction of fight against racism.He believed in a skillful accommodation during that age of segregation which came to win a title ‘the great accommodator’ from Dubois. On the other hand Dubois led a radicalized fight. While this could have been seen as clash the two dimensions of their struggle came to supplement each other. This is the approach that came to be used by Martin Luther King Jr. in the later years An American newsletter the Review noted that had great power to move men’s hearts and bring them into sympathy with his noble and unselfish aims for lifting up the race. This article carefully shows Bookers’ approach to education and labor.He takes great advantage to explain his point. Booker is a man of Influence; this can be seen from his position and occupation in the society. As a great orator, Washington is quoted saying that the condition for African American in the south will only improve they learn to put brain and skills into his labor. In this respect, Washington argues that this should result to more technologically advanced labor. Their differences in approaches could be attributed to earlier experiences. Biology explains that siemens twins will certainly behave differently when subjected to different environments to grow.Thinking about this hypothesis, One seminal debate between Washington and Dubois played on the pages of Crisis which Washington was advocating a philosophy of self help and vocational training for blacks, while Dubois pressed for full educational opportunities for his race. Dubois believed that the way out was through study especially the liberal arts. Though wining the battle against slavery was difficult because of the constitution, the two leaders managed to bring about the movement that came to win the freedom of the slaves. This greatly reveals the power in combined workforce isn’t it?Together we stand, divided we fall. This is a common saying. Dubois and Booker formed this alliance and through it, many positive progresses were realized. For example, many humanitarian citizens gave them support, and this made the government take appropriate measures towards slave treatment, and laws governing slaves. The alliance similar to the one with William Monroe Trotter another black intellectual at the time help to form the group National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. Was this not a fruit of the pioneering work of Booker and Dubois?Think about this: how many organizations will have emerged in the next five y ears after this? How many policies will have been implemented as a result of the pressure inserted by these organizations? These will be clear with time! NAACP in its early years concentrated in using courts to overturn the Jim Crow status that legalized racial discrimination . The crisis magazine for the NAACP became the mouth piece for the propaganda war against racism. During the inter war years NAACP fought lynching of the blacks through out the United States by working on legislation, education the public and lobbying.It was after several decades of campaign that brought the reversal of the separate but equal doctrine announced by Supreme Court Plessey versus Ferguson. Later the desegregation of schools and other public facilities through out the country, through the Supreme Court was managed by the NAACP. Washington though criticized by the NAACP who demanded a hard-line stance of the issue of civil rights protests enlisted some moral and substantial financial support from a n umber of philanthropists they helped him fund his causes – supporting institutions of higher education at Hampton and Tuskegee.Looking at the current American social-political scene would W. E. B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington smiled if they resurrected today? As the PBS statement on their website wonders whether the Americans have learnt to embrace diversity, whether character has triumphed color. Almost every day we find people bleaching their skin on order to look beautiful. Race is another factor that has greatly affected the intellectual growth and increase in technology. This has brought in a belief that whites can do better than blacks in various spheres of academia.This is an analysis published by a journal called: Labor and Demographic Economic. Booker T. Outlines the thinking of many whites during his time. Intellectuals and politicians writing to shape public opinion, from both North and South, had turned increasingly hostile toward African Americans. Many magazi nes of the time had a message of white supremacy. In his study of small-town newspapers in the South, Thomas D. Clark found that most papers in the 1880s and 1890s clearly reflected the â€Å"Negro-as-beast† thinking of the time.The editors revealed â€Å"a general fear of the Negro,† whom they often depicted as uncivilized, a â€Å"wild, ignorant animal. This was a real huddle for Washington to manage is it? His approach was revolutionary as will be seen. Washington gave an exposition speech in 1895 in Atlanta. This speech challenged the images then current in white intellectual and cultural presentations of African Americans. He insisted that blacks were a people of â€Å"love and fidelity† to whites, a â€Å"faithful, law-abiding, and unresentful† people.In its larger thrust, the Atlanta speech represented Washington’s attempt to counter the presumption on the part of the white South, and much of the rest of the nation that African Americans ha d declined in character and morality in freedom. The overarching message that Washington intended was not acceptance of disfranchisement and segregation but rather a message of progress, of movement forward and upward. he indeed displayed dedication towards this. In Atlanta, Washington began to offer Americans a new point of view in order to challenge the ideology of white supremacy.This was a great achievement to this selfless Samaritan, as the disciples of Jesus would refer him during their time. Many years after the Atlanta speech, Washington often spoke up for civil and political rights. This is contrary to Professor Harlan’s contention that â€Å"his public utterances were limited to what whites approved† and that Washington’s actions on behalf of civil and political rights were exclusively part of his â€Å"secret life† of arranging court challenges and organizing protests but taking no public part.In fact, in 1896 Washington told the Washington Pos t that forcing blacks â€Å"to ride in a ‘Jim Crow’ car that is far inferior to that used by the white people is a matter that cannot stand much longer against the increasing intelligence and prosperity of the colored people. † Washington had several admirers and many of the se came in handy to help fight this ugly spirit called racism.He had several forums to speak the same message in a speech at a Spanish-American War Peace Jubilee in Chicago before people; Washington asserted that the United States had won all its battles but one, â€Å"the effort to conquer ourselves in the blotting out of racial prejudice. †¦ Until we thus conquer ourselves, I make no empty statement when I say that we shall have, especially in the Southern part of our country, a cancer gnawing at the heart of the Republic that shall one day prove as dangerous as an attack from an army without or within. † Dubois also worked very hard to enforce equality.This spans from the first time he came into public. No one could quench the thirst of seeing both white and black Americans live in total peace and in brotherly love. His major area of concern was education. Being a person of influence, majorly as an educationist come sociologist, Dubois always desired to have equal chance given to people of all races. He was a very practical man. This works well especially with a layman. At one point, Dubois organized a forum whereby he combined the learned and the illiterate citizens. This forum had people attending from cross- cultural background; both blacks and whites.This was meant to work for the common good of all Americans. Comparing the work done by the two civil activists, Booker mainly impacted the people in public forums, while Dubois did a great deal of work in academic institutions like schools and colleges. Currently as Souls would outline turmoil’s caused by color bar and racism, Dubois urged in his speeches that African Americans should choose path of revolt and radicalism (1969) . in another instance, while writing the Souls, Dubois asked a question â€Å" How does it feel to be a problem ? † (1969:44)In answering this question he explains what being an African American means in such a country and the unique challenges faced. In many of his lectures in the university, Dubois developed sessions where he taught about Negroism. He strongly believed that all there suffering was because of ignorance and would be alleviated through class. Dubois’ work was really a long term investment isn’t it? It is a sure fact that by impacting the lives of students, they would in turn spread the message to their local forks! In conclusion, Washington and Dubois were civil rights leaders, educational founders, and writers.They shared a positive relationship with Oberlin College and lectured at the college on a number of separate occasions. They also communicated on a number of occasions. Like Dubois, later in his career Washi ngton fell from the fore of civil rights activism because he was not radical enough for new progressive movements. Dube and Washington accomplished much for our society. They recognized the importance of practical education and pushed the boundaries of their respective segregated societies. In retrospect, both these activists have been charged with conservatism.While they challenged racial injustice, they nonetheless accepted most of the other social constraints that characterized their society. Above all, Washington and Dube, were pragmatic men, and perhaps it is their pragmatism that has led some to question their ultimate impact on the transformation of race relations in their respective nations .References: 1. Booker . T . Washington (1997) On Our Own Terms: Race, Class, and Gender in the Lives of African American Women. New York: Routledge. Pp 26-70.2. Dubois W. E. B, (1969). The souls of black forks. New York: Signet classics Pp23-48.